Industrial robots need an accurate and simple end effector that can handle many and different parts. Before selecting the industrial robot gripper, it is necessary to understand what type of parts will be processed. This paper lists six key points that we systematically consider when selecting robot grippers.
1) Shape
Asymmetrical, tubular, spherical and conical parts are a headache for robot unit designers. It is very important to consider the shape of the parts. Some fixture manufacturers can choose different fingertips, which can be added to the fixture to adapt to specific applications. Ask if the fixture can be used for your specific applications.
2) Dimensions
The minimum and maximum dimensions of the object to be processed are very important data. You need to measure other geometric positions to see the best gripping position of the fixture. Internal and external geometry needs to be considered.
3) Number of parts
Whether using tool changer or adaptive fixture, it is necessary to ensure that the robot tool can correctly master all parts. The tool changer is large and expensive, but it can work on the virtual part of the part using the correct custom tools.
4) Weight
The maximum weight of the part must be known. Understand the payload of the gripper and robot. Secondly, ensure that the gripper has the required clamping force to handle the part.
5) Materials
The material composition of the component will also be a focus of the clamping scheme. The size and weight can be handled by the fixture, and the material also needs to be compatible with the fixture to ensure that the part is held tightly. For example, some grippers cannot be used to handle fragile items (such as ceramics, wax, thin metal or glass), which are easy to damage. But for the adaptive fixture, grasping the surface can appropriately reduce the impact on the fragile surface, so the force control fixture can also be a part of the solution.
6) Production plan
It is necessary to consider whether the production of products will change over time. If the assembly line has been manufacturing the same parts in the past ten years, it may not change frequently. On the other hand, if the assembly line integrates new parts every year, it should be considered that the fixture should be able to accommodate these additions. You can even consider whether the gripper used is suitable for other applications. Considering this factor, select a gripper to ensure that the fixture can adapt to the potential operation of the robot unit in the future.
By determining the part specifications, this data can be compared with the available fixture specifications. The required fixture travel can be determined by the shape and size of the parts that must be processed. Considering the material and weight of the part, calculate the required clamping force. What are the different parts that the fixture can handle? You can see whether the robot needs a tool changing device or whether a single fixture can work normally.
Choosing the right gripper can make the industrial robot have good functions and play the largest role.